They are big, they are hard to handle, they can be hard to move, they are hard on each other, they are hard on equipment, they are hard on you and hard on the help. Outside of putting them to work 60–90 days out of the year, most producers wish they didn’t have to own one, much less a group of them.

Yes, we are talking about bulls and their antics! Most often, producers put their bulls to work and then turn them out into the farthest-away pasture and mostly forget about them. Out of sight, out of mind! Have you looked at your bulls lately?

Given the winter weather most of the country has seen this year, there may be some issues that bulls have never had to deal with — or producers either. Most producers in the northern climates are used to managing through severe cold, wind and snow, but this year there could be issues that there normally wouldn’t be, and maybe more so in the south and southeast due to the cold, snow and ice. Cold stress, frostbite, poor body condition and injury could have occurred in any and every part of the country this year.

With record or near-record prices paid for calves this fall, bred heifers this fall and winter, and cow/calf and heifer pairs now, it is crucial to get the females in the herd bred; and bulls are at least half of the equation to making it happen.

Cold stress and frostbite

Cold stress occurs when body temperatures drop because animals can’t keep themselves warm. During these times, the body tries to stay warm by shivering to generate body heat, which burns a lot of calories. If the available feed isn’t adequate to meet the increased needs, a big loss of body condition can occur if the cold extends for a prolonged period. Also, in severe cold, wet and windy conditions, frostbite is a danger.

What is frostbite? It is a condition that occurs when body tissues freeze due to prolonged exposure to extremely cold temps. Frostbite mostly occurs on the extremities of the body that normally see less blood flow. In young cattle, frostbite may be on ears and feet. Early symptoms of frostbite are swelling or edema, followed by the affected parts being cold to the touch. In severe cases, the frozen skin may start to separate, and the affected parts may even be lost.

In mature bulls, frostbite can affect the scrotum. This can cause testicular degeneration and permanent infertility. In some cases, bulls with frostbite can overcome the injury and be able to breed in 60–90 days. In other cases, they can become infertile.

Visual and breeding soundness examination

The success of the breeding season hinges on whether your bulls can perform their job to the best of their abilities. A breeding soundness exam can tell you whether you are setting yourself up for failure or for success this breeding season.

The examination starts with a visual inspection of the bull to make sure they are healthy and alert, in ideal body condition and sound on all four feet. The veterinarian should look for common signs of frostbite, including accumulated manure and/or bedding on the bottom of the scrotum. This visual inspection is followed by a more physical inspection of the prostate, scrotum, testes, vesicular glands and penis; for instance, the veterinarian should check whether the penis can fully extend. An ejaculate will also be collected at this time to assess sperm motility and morphology.

Body condition and nutrition

Now is also a good time to start looking at bull body condition overall, and this means focusing on your nutritional and mineral programs. It is easier and cheaper to put on condition over a longer length of time than to have the “Oh no!” moment.

The ideal body condition for bulls is a 6 at turnout time. Bull age, breed, size, weather and time until turnout will determine the appropriate feeding program. Bulls that are too thin or too fat at turnout are usually less active and likely will not travel as far to cover the number of cows they need to. Typically, on a mature bull, a body condition score is equal to 120 pounds. If they wintered hard and are in a body condition score of 3–4, those bulls should be gaining 2 pounds or so per day now to be in the ideal condition by turnout.

Talk to your nutritionist or use one of the numerous online tools provided through various state extension programs to help you put a feeding program together. Sampling your feedstuffs will also give you more precise nutrient and ingredient information to use in these programs. Given the diverse weather last year, there was plenty of variation in feed quality.

Trace mineral supplementation

The key to a good nutrition program is making sure your bulls get enough mineral supplementation — and in the right form.

Copper, zinc, selenium and manganese, as provided through Alltech’s Bioplex® and Sel-Plex® organic trace mineral technologies, play crucial roles in bull fertility. Zinc is important for bull libido, testosterone synthesis and testicular size. Copper is important for libido and sperm production and volume. Selenium helps with sperm viability, and manganese is involved in hormone production.

Winter weather could have caused new and unforeseen challenges for many producers. Given the economics for cow-calf producers, it is imperative to get the herd set up to be as productive as possible this breeding season. We all know how hard it is to work with and manage bulls; however, if there was ever a breeding season to ensure your bulls are at the top of their game, it is this one.

Have you looked at your bulls lately?

About the author:

Bryan Sanderson grew up in Lake Preston, South Dakota, and spent most of his childhood working on pig, crop and cattle farms. After receiving a degree in animal science from South Dakota State University, with minors in ag marketing and ag business, Bryan began his impressive career in animal agriculture. With experience in livestock production, feedlot supervision, sales and finance, Bryan is currently the U.S. beef business manager for Alltech.

I want to learn more about nutrition for beef cattle.

About the author:

Dr. Jamil Faccin is a pig technical and nutrition specialist at Alltech. In this role, he offers technical support to customers, including diet formulation and production consulting, while also collaborating with key account teams to deliver tailored solutions and align with customer expectations. He also works on portfolio development, innovation and thought leadership and participates in research, industry events and strategic initiatives to drive business and customer growth, as well as the company's market relevance.

A native of Brazil, Dr. Faccin holds a master's degree in science, a Ph.D. and a doctorate in veterinary medicine, and he gained experience as a postdoctoral researcher in applied pig nutrition at Kansas State University. His ongoing research — which includes his involvement with the U.S. Swine Health Improvement Plan (SHIP) — focuses on nursery management and nutrition, weaning age, soybean meal, feed additives and feed biosecurity.

Dr. Faccin and his wife, Paula, currently live in northeast Kansas, where they enjoy hiking, exploring new cultures and planning their next adventures. He is also passionate about playing soccer and volleyball with friends.

I want to learn more about nutrition for pig herd.

Massimo Crespi runs Crespi Invernizzi Farm in Sedriano, close to Milan, where they raise high-quality dairy cows. With around 190 cows, the farm is known for producing excellent milk and is part of the San Angiolina cooperative, famous for Grana Padano cheese.

The farm’s story began in 1982, when Massimo’s father and uncles started the business. In 2015, Massimo, his brother Alessandro and his cousin Samuele took over, continuing the family’s legacy of sustainable dairy farming.

A commitment to high-quality feed production

At Crespi Invernizzi, the focus is not only to raise healthy cows but also to produce high-quality dairy cattle feed — all while upholding high standards in sustainability.

The farm grows a variety of crops, including alfalfa, permanent grasslands, sorghum, autumn-winter crops, and corn. These are carefully selected to meet the nutritional needs of the cattle. The sorghum and autumn-winter crops provide the fibre needed for the animals’ diet, while corn is used for its high starch content, which is vital for supporting strong energy levels and overall health in cows.

Forage management: Adapting to climate challenges

Extreme weather patterns in recent years have posed significant challenges for forage production and animal welfare at Crespi Invernizzi, with increased water stress and unpredictable conditions threatening crop yields and feed quality.

To combat these issues, the farm has introduced resilient crops such as sorghum, which can endure harsh climatic conditions and provide a stable food source for cattle. Additionally, the farm has optimised forage management by incorporating Egalis® inoculants from Alltech, which significantly improve nutrient protection and reduce dry matter loss.

Massimo highlights the positive impact of utilising Egalis solutions, with notable enhancements in silage mass, particularly in terms of acidification and stability. The solution ensures consistent feed availability but also supports the overall health of Crespi Invernizzi’s livestock. The improved nutritional value and long-term stability of the silage contribute to better performance and well-being for the animals, even after extended storage periods.

These strategies collectively help mitigate the effects of climate change and improve carbon footprint, securing both sustainable farming practices and optimal livestock nutrition.

The practical benefits of Alltech’s Egalis line

One of the standout features of the Egalis line which significantly benefits the dairy industry is its ease of use. The products dissolve effortlessly in solution and do not cause any operational issues, even when applied during fieldwork. At Crespi Invernizzi, this practicality has made it easier for the team to integrate the inoculants into their harvesting routines.

Moreover, Egalis does not require refrigeration, which makes it even more convenient for storage. The silage inoculant can be kept in a dry, normal-temperature environment, saving the farm both space and energy costs.

Continuous monitoring of feed quality and forage management

At Crespi Invernizzi, maintaining the highest-quality feed is a top priority. The farm works closely with a dedicated animal nutritionist who regularly monitors the quality of the feed and silage. The nutritionist ensures that both the stored feed and mixed feed are up to standard, helping the farm maintain optimal milk production. In particular, the farm focuses on managing the dry matter content and the NDF (neutral detergent fibre) levels of the crops, which play a crucial role in the nutritional profile of the feed.

The link between high-quality feed and superior milk production

The team at Crespi Invernizzi knows that the key to producing high-quality milk lies in the quality of the feed. This is especially important for Crespi Invernizzi as it supplies milk to a dairy factory that produces Grana Padano cheese. The direct correlation between high-quality silage and superior milk production has been evident on the farm, and Massimo emphasises that the farm’s success is due to a continual focus on the nutritional value of the feed.

Technical support from Alltech: A valuable partnership

In addition to the benefits of the Egalis line, Crespi Invernizzi values the ongoing technical support provided by Alltech. The Alltech team assists the farm at each step of the process, from evaluating crops before harvest to inspecting the silage during the fermentation process. This collaboration has been crucial for optimising feed quality and ensuring long-term success.

Self-sufficiency through sustainable practices

One of the farm's core goals is to be as self-sufficient as possible when it comes to producing feed for the cows. By growing its own crops, Crespi Invernizzi not only ensures high feed quality but also reduces costs associated with purchasing external feed. This focus on self-production aligns with the farm’s commitment to sustainability and long-term profitability.

Conclusion: A model for sustainable dairy farming

Crespi Invernizzi Farm’s success is a result of careful planning, innovative practices, and a commitment to producing high-quality feed. By embracing sustainable farming techniques, such as the introduction of resilient crops like sorghum and the use of Alltech’s Egalis line for silage management, this farm has been able to overcome the challenges posed by adverse weather and maintain the health and productivity of its cattle.

As Crespi Invernizzi continues to evolve, its focus on quality and sustainable forage management will undoubtedly ensure its continued success in the dairy farming industry.

About the author:

Elisa Boschi is the global head of marketing for resource efficiency at Alltech's Technology Group. She leads marketing efforts in crops, silage management, and waste management. With 19 years at Alltech, Elisa most recently served as the ruminant marketing manager for Europe. Based in Italy, she enjoys reading, gardening, walking, and dining with family and friends.

I want to learn more about nutrition for dairy herd.

With confirmed cases of avian influenza on the rise in the UK and Ireland, biosecurity in poultry farming is at the forefront of everyone’s minds. 

Whilst most biosecurity protocols are standard across poultry units it is always best to be mindful of farm-specific requirements, including good cleaning and disinfection practices if bringing equipment onto different sites, to try and provide best protection for poultry farmers and their flocks.

If in doubt, check with the farm manager prior to arrival and do not attend sites unless necessary.

There is not yet a mandatory housing order in the UK as there is in Ireland, and whilst keeping free-range birds indoors provides another level of protection for birds, it does increase pressure on litter management where birds would usually spend the majority of their days out on the ranges.

Signs and symptoms of avian influenza in poultry

Avian influenza (AI), a disease caused by type A influenza viruses, can infect both wild and domestic birds. Several factors can contribute to the spread of AI, such as migratory bird flight patterns, international trade, and points of cross-contact between humans and wild birds. AI is more commonly detected in colder regions due to the resilience of the virus in low-to-freezing temperatures.

There are two clinical types of influenza virus in poultry: highly pathogenic (HP) and low-pathogenic (LP). The HP strains of bird flu can spread rapidly among poultry flocks and may cause multi-organ failure and sudden high mortality levels. The LP strains of bird flu form as asymptomatic infections, respiratory disease, and/or drops in production.

Symptoms indicating avian flu in birds include:

• Sudden death without any warning signs
• Purple discoloration of the wattles, comb and legs
• Swollen head, eyelids, comb, wattles and hocks
• Soft-shelled or misshapen eggs
• Decreased egg production
• Lack of energy, appetite and coordination
• Diarrhoea
• Nasal discharge
• Coughing or sneezing
• Ruffled feathers

How to help prevent avian influenza in poultry

Avian influenza viruses spread through direct contact with infected birds or through contaminated feed, water, equipment and clothing. Therefore, biosecurity is the first and most important method of prevention at the farm level. Poultry producers are advised to:

Prevent wildlife access: Reduce attractants such as standing water, feed spills, and improperly stored waste. Install deterrents such as exclusionary netting and screens, repellent gel, bird spikes, and scare devices, which should be moved and replaced frequently.

Control access of people and equipment: If infected wild birds are in the area, reduce the movement of people, vehicles or equipment to and from areas where poultry are kept. Change your clothes before and after contact with your flock, and ensure that any visitors do the same.

Maintain high sanitation levels: Clean and disinfect regularly, from the property and poultry houses to equipment, vehicles and even footwear. For commercial poultry owners, clean and disinfect your poultry housing at the end of each production cycle. Wash your hands thoroughly before and after contact with birds.

Maintain surveillance and reporting: At a minimum, follow local regulations regarding breeder flock monitoring and testing protocols. Contact a vet if you have any concerns. Also, be sure to report illnesses and bird deaths. Quick action will help protect other flocks in the area if the disease is confirmed.

Effective poultry management is crucial in reducing the risk of avian influenza and protecting flocks from potential outbreaks. By implementing strong biosecurity measures, maintaining proper sanitation, and monitoring bird health closely, poultry farmers can help safeguard their operations. Staying vigilant and proactive is key to ensuring the health and productivity of poultry flocks in the face of evolving disease challenges.

About the authors:

Becca Saunders is Alltech's regional sales manager for poultry in the UK. In this role, Becca works alongside the technical team to provide support for producers across the poultry industry. Before joining Alltech in January 2025, Becca served as an account manager for a large feed compounding business, working with multiple stakeholders to maintain a smooth supply and to problem-solve where necessary. In that role, Becca gained a good grounding in the broiler industry, and she looks forward to working across all poultry species at Alltech.

Colm Ronan is Alltech's poultry manager for Ireland. In this role, Colm is responsible for the coordination and development of Alltech's poultry offerings across the island, both in the north and the south. In addition to acting as a liaison between Alltech’s marketing and research departments, Colm works closely with the company's Irish sales and gut health management teams. He also spends a great deal of time with customers, helping them improve their bird performance and overcome industry challenges.

Prior to joining Alltech in September 2024, Colm worked in a variety of roles in the broiler industry in both Ireland and Sweden. Most recently, he served as the broiler supply manager for Manor Farm, the largest broiler integrator in the Republic of Ireland and part of Scandi Standard AB.

I want to learn more about nutrition for poultry.

Optimising nutrition is crucial for ensuring high reproductive performance and longevity in sows, as well as overall health and productivity. Among the essential components within the sows’ diet, trace minerals play a vital role in maintaining the health and reproductive efficiency of our breeding herd.

Alltech’s chelated minerals offer a superior solution to trace mineral nutrition by enhancing bioavailability, absorption and utilisation in the sow.

The importance of trace minerals in sow reproductive performance

Although they are only required in modest amounts, trace minerals such as zinc, copper, iron, manganese and selenium are fundamental to sow nutrition, particularly in supporting fertility, farrowing house performance, and longevity within the herd (Figure 1). However, it’s not just mineral concentrations within the diet that require consideration — the actual source of these minerals is significantly important.

Traditionally, commercial sow diets have been formulated with inorganic sources of trace minerals, such as copper sulphate and sodium selenite, due to their relatively inexpensive cost. However, minerals from inorganic sources are extremely reactive in the premix, in the feed, and in the gastrointestinal tract of the animal, due to their poor stability. As a result, the uptake and utilisation of these minerals can be limited, resulting in suboptimal performance. Inclusion levels are also regularly over-formulated to ensure that the sows’ requirements are actually met, but this leads to high levels of mineral excretion and waste.

For this reason, there is increasing interest in alternative forms of trace minerals which are better absorbed, stored and utilised by the sow. Chelated trace minerals provide this effective alternative.

Figure 1. The importance of trace minerals for sow reproductive performance and overall productivity

Modern animal production requires a modern approach to mineral supplementation

Alltech has proven that modern nutritional management can be achieved by supplementing chelated trace minerals in the form of Bioplex® minerals (including zinc, copper, iron and manganese) and Sel-Plex® organic selenium, which are scientifically and commercially proven to optimise sow nutrition. Because Bioplex and Sel-Plex are more stable and have enhanced bioavailability compared to inorganic mineral sources, pig producers can supplement their sows’ diets at significantly lower inclusion levels while still improving sow performance.  

Alltech’s approach to mineral management promotes several key benefits, some of which include:

1. Improved sow performance: Bioplex and Sel-Plex have been shown to optimise reproductive performance, with more piglets born alive per litter. These mineral technologies also support milk quality, including higher mineral levels in the milk.
2. Increased sow longevity: Bioplex and Sel-Plex contribute to the protection of cells from oxidative stress and inflammation. This protection is conducive to overall health and longevity as well as productivity.
3. Enhanced mineral bioavailability and stability: Bioplex and Sel-Plex are designed with improved stability and bioavailability, ensuring that the minerals remain in a form that the sow can effectively absorb, store and utilize.
4. Reduced mineral excretion: Through enhanced absorption and utilisation and lower inclusion rates, Bioplex and Sel-Plex help in reducing mineral excretion, thereby helping to reduce the environmental impact of intensive pig production.

A proven mineral solution for pig producers

European pig producers face increasing pressure to improve production efficiency while adhering to stricter environmental regulations. By incorporating Alltech’s trace mineral solutions into their nutritional programs, pig producers can unlock the full reproductive potential of their sows while supporting overall health and longevity, improved efficiency, and more profitable production.

For more information on how Alltech’s chelated trace minerals can optimise the performance of your sows, contact your local Alltech representative today.

About the author:

Dr. Hazel Rooney is the European pig specialist within Alltech’s Technology Group, where she leads the development and coordination of technical solutions for pigs across Ireland and Europe. She works closely with customers to enhance pig performance, address industry challenges, and develop tailored programs. In addition to her hands-on approach, she contributes to the industry through technical articles, presentations, and research-driven insights.

Dr. Rooney earned her Ph.D. in swine nutrition from University College Dublin and the Teagasc Pig Development Department in 2019. Her doctoral research focused on maternal feeding strategies during gestation and lactation to optimize annual sow output and to promote the growth and development of progeny from large litters. Before joining Alltech in 2020, she spent a year working as a post-doctoral researcher in the Teagasc Pig Development Department in Ireland.  

I want to learn more about nutrition for pig herd. 

Mycotoxin contamination in imported grains continues to be a critical challenge for animal feed producers in Asia. As feed production in the region grows, so does its reliance on imported raw materials from major grain-exporting regions such as Europe, North America and Latin America.

The Alltech 2025 Asia Import Risk Analysis sheds light on mycotoxin risks, offering valuable insights for both ruminant and monogastric nutrition.

Understanding mycotoxin risks in imported grains

Dr. Ghazanfar Naseer, Alltech Asia regional technical manager for ruminants and mycotoxins, emphasizes that mycotoxin contamination poses a serious threat to animal health and productivity.

“Mycotoxins are invisible, but their impact is not,” he warns. “For ruminants like dairy and beef cattle, these toxins can lead to lower milk production, reduced growth rates and long-term health issues.”

Similarly, Gustavo Sa Ribeiro, Alltech Asia regional technical manager for monogastric, highlights how mycotoxins can significantly affect swine and poultry production.

“As we learn more about mycotoxins, we see the damaging effects on animal performance and feed efficiency. Understanding their presence in imported raw materials is essential for making informed decisions.”

Regional mycotoxin profiles: Key findings

Europe

• Mycotoxin risk varies significantly between Northern and Southern Europe.
• Northern Europe: Deoxynivalenol (DON) is the primary concern, impacting dairy cows with reduced milk yield and higher somatic cell counts.
• Southern Europe: Aflatoxin contamination is prevalent in corn, posing liver health risks and reducing productivity.

United States

• Pre-harvest rains led to Fusarium-related mycotoxin challenges, with DON, zearalenone, and fumonisins being the most prominent.
• 85% of U.S. corn samples tested were contaminated with fumonisins, which can cause feed refusal and immune suppression in cattle.
• Post-harvest drought resulted in damaged kernels and foreign matter, increasing storage and transportation risks.

Canada

• Fusarium toxins were dominant in wheat and barley samples.
• Although the risk was lower than in the previous harvest, individual samples contained elevated mycotoxin levels, stressing the need for routine testing.

Brazil

• Aflatoxin, DON, fumonisins and zearalenone continue to be the primary concerns.
• 75% of Brazilian corn samples tested positive for fumonisins, with some reaching 22,800 ppb, a dangerously high level for ruminants.
• High Fusarium toxin concentrations pose severe risks, particularly for swine.

Implications for ruminant and monogastric species

Ruminant:

• Corn byproducts from North America and Europe have an average risk equivalent quantity (REQ) of 392 for dairy cows, indicating a high risk level.
• This could result in a 5% drop in milk production and a 7% increase in somatic cell counts, impacting milk quality and profitability.
• Fumonisins in Brazilian and U.S. corn can impair feed efficiency and overall herd health.

Monogastric:

• U.S. corn samples contained an average of 7.8 mycotoxins per sample, with 100% of tested samples showing contamination from multiple toxins.
• Type B trichothecenes, fumonisins and zearalenone are the most concerning mycotoxins for swine and poultry.
• Negative effects on average daily gain (ADG) and feed conversion ratios (FCRs) highlight the importance of proactive risk management.

Managing mycotoxin risks in imported feed ingredients

To safeguard animal performance and business profitability, Alltech recommends implementing a holistic mycotoxin management strategy, including:

• Routine mycotoxin testing, using tools like Alltech 37+® and Alltech® RAPIREAD™, to detect contamination levels before feed formulation
• Quality control measures for raw material procurement, to reduce inclusion of high-risk ingredients
• Nutrition strategies tailored to minimize mycotoxin exposure effects on animal health and productivity

Download the full report

The Alltech 2025 Asia Import Risk Analysis report provides in-depth insights into mycotoxin contamination trends and their impact on livestock and feed production in the Asia-Pacific region.

Get your copy today at alltech.com/asia-import-risk-analysis to make informed decisions for your business and optimize animal health and performance. Visit knowmycotoxins.com for further resources and expert guidance.

About the author:

Tien Le earned her bachelor’s degree in advertising and marketing communications from the University of Greenwich, London, with the University Merit Award for Outstanding Achievement. She started her career at Alltech in 2016 as part of the Corporate Career Development Program, spending time in both the U.S. and Ireland before taking a role in Vietnam, her home country. Tien presently serves as the editorial content manager for Alltech, a role that allows her to fulfill her passions for writing, innovation and sustainable agriculture.

Silage production is a cornerstone of modern farming, ensuring high-quality feed for livestock. Yet achieving consistently good silage requires a strong foundation built on best management practices, informed decision-making, and the right tools.

Here are some insights on how farmers can optimize the silage process — from field to feed passage — by implementing practical, science-backed strategies.

Laying the foundation for quality silage

Success in silage-making begins long before harvest. It starts with understanding the specific needs of the farm, including factors like machinery, storage space and feed-out rates. A tailored approach helps farmers maximize forage quality while addressing potential constraints. The key steps in establishing a solid foundation for silage production include:

• Climate considerations: Selecting forage species that can withstand temperature or moisture stress
• Field preparation: Minimizing soil contamination during harvest to maintain forage purity
• Fertilization strategies: Applying appropriate nutrients for optimal forage growth and quality
• Harvest timing: Identifying the optimal growth stage for harvesting
• Ensiling best practices: Managing the harvesting and storage process effectively to preserve nutrients

Managing nutrients from field to feed

While the challenges of maintaining nutrient integrity during ensiling have remained relatively consistent over the past 15 years, advances in technology and management practices have significantly improved silage outcomes. The key principles of effective silage-making include:

• Harvesting at the correct stage of maturity in a hygienic manner
• Chopping forage to an appropriate length to minimize air pockets
• Using a suitable silage treatment based on forage type and feeding system
• Rapid ensiling and compaction to achieve high density
• Sealing silage properly and maintaining airtight conditions throughout storage
• Minimizing disruption to the silage face during feed-out

Controlling air and microbiology for optimal fermentation

Oxygen is the enemy of good silage. When air is present, undesirable microorganisms thrive, leading to nutrient losses and heating. Historically, farmers relied on chemical salts or heterofermentative bacteria to control these issues, but this often resulted in dry matter losses and reduced nutritional value.

Today’s homolactic silage inoculates are an excellent alternative to their heterofermentative counterparts, offering advantages in fermentation and nutrient recovery. In addition, advancements in silage-making techniques and equipment have revolutionized the process, offering better control and improved outcomes:

• Modern mergers and rakes reduce soil contamination during collection.
• Precision chopping minimizes air spaces in ensiled forage.
• Improved compaction techniques enhance silage density and stability.
• Enhanced defacers and block cutters preserve the integrity of the silage face during feed-out.
• True oxygen barrier plastics dramatically reduce air infiltration, extending silage stability by up to four days.

Maximizing silage potential with informed choices

With technological advancements in management, silage inoculants and plastics, farmers have more effective options for silage success — but combining them can be tricky, especially the combination of the right plastic with the right inoculant. Understanding the advantages and disadvantages here is essential to making informed decisions, ensuring that the resulting silage meets both quality and stability expectations.

At Alltech, we are committed to helping farmers navigate these choices with expert advice, on-farm support, and research-backed solutions. A good choice is an informed choice, and with the right foundation, silage success is within reach. For example, using Egalis® Ferment, a high-specification homolactic inoculant, alongside Egalis® True OB, a high-tensile silage plastic with industry-leading oxygen barrier properties, can deliver significant benefits.

Silage success powered by science

Producing high-quality silage requires more than just following tradition — it demands a science-driven approach and modern management techniques. By combining best practices with cutting-edge solutions like Egalis Ferment and Egalis True OB, farmers can reduce dry matter losses, protect nutrients, and enhance feed stability.

Reach out to your Alltech representative for more information on these and other innovative solutions and services.

About the author:

Gordon Marley is the global silage support lead at Alltech. He has spent 30 years working in the silage field. During the past 20 years, he has worked internationally across more than 40 countries, covering Europe, North America, South America and Oceania, giving farm-specific advice across harvesting, treating, ensiling, management and feed-out in order to optimize nutrient and dry matter protection from field to feed passage for all standard forages.

Marley joined Alltech in February 2022 to assist in the company’s re-entry into the silage additive market. He had already worked in parallel with Alltech for 12 years. In his current role, he is focused on ensuring optimal efficiency and helping to maximize the milk and meat potential of a farm’s silage.

Having initially qualified as a biologist, Marley is also a degree-qualified microbiologist and holds an M.Sc. in science communication, is a CowSignals Master Trainer, and has earned a Lean Six Sigma Blacelt.

I want to learn more about nutrition for dairy herd.

Mycotoxins, harmful substances produced by molds and fungi, pose a significant challenge in agriculture. With more than 95% of crops testing positive for at least one mycotoxin, farmers and feed producers need reliable and efficient testing solutions to protect animal health and performance.

Recognizing this growing need, Alltech has expanded its mycotoxin testing program with an exciting new collaboration with Waters | VICAM, integrating the Vertu™ TOUCH reader into the Alltech RAPIREAD™ system.

A smarter approach to mycotoxin management

Alltech RAPIREAD, launched in 2020, provides rapid on-site mycotoxin testing and risk analysis. Previously, it worked in collaboration with Neogen® and its Raptor® testing device, allowing producers to test individual grains and forages. Now, with the addition of Waters | VICAM’s Vertu TOUCH, Alltech RAPIREAD expands its capabilities to include complete feed analysis, offering more comprehensive insights.

The Vertu TOUCH reader is a user-friendly, touch-screen device that delivers full-range quantitative results for six major mycotoxins, including:

• Aflatoxin
• Fumonisin
• Deoxynivalenol (DON)
• Zearalenone
• Ochratoxin A
• T2 and HT2 toxins

This enhanced system allows producers to quickly and accurately detect mycotoxins in a single sample within 10 minutes, providing valuable data for informed decision-making.

Why rapid mycotoxin testing matters

Mycotoxins are often invisible threats, difficult to detect until they have already impacted animal health. These toxins can lead to reduced feed efficiency, weakened immune systems, and lower overall performance in livestock. With Alltech RAPIREAD and the Vertu TOUCH integration, producers can now:

• Identify mycotoxin risks in real time at the feed mill or on the farm.
• Make data-driven decisions to protect feed quality and animal health.
• Reduce economic losses associated with contaminated feed and poor livestock performance.

A new era of mycotoxin testing

With decades of experience in mycotoxin risk management, Alltech continues to lead the way in providing innovative solutions. The collaboration with Waters | VICAM ensures that Alltech RAPIREAD remains at the forefront of mycotoxin testing technology, offering producers a convenient, accurate and efficient way to safeguard their feed and animals.

To learn more about Alltech’s mycotoxin management solutions and see the RAPIREAD system in action, visit knowmycotoxins.com.

About the author:

Tien Le presently serves as the editorial content manager for Alltech, a role that allows her to fulfill her passions for writing, innovation and sustainable agriculture. She earned her bachelor’s degree in advertising and marketing communications from the University of Greenwich, London, with the University Merit Award for Outstanding Achievement. Tien started her career at Alltech in 2016 as part of the Corporate Career Development Program, spending time in both the U.S. and Ireland before taking a role in Vietnam, her home country. 

Alltech is proud to actively participate in the upcoming ASAS Midwest meeting in Omaha, Nebraska, March 9–12. Our team will present groundbreaking research on pig nutrition and health, and our experts will share insights into optimizing performance and health for nursery and growing pigs.

These presentations represent the outcomes of Alltech internal research as well as collaboration with key partners. They reflect Alltech’s commitment to advancing pig nutrition and health through commercial-scale research.

Topics will include:

• The effects of in-feed acidifier (Acid-Aid™) on nursery pig growth performance

• The effects of Allzyme® Swine HC on nursery pig growth performance, bone mineralization and plasma inositol
• Effects of benzoic acid, or a blend of organic and inorganic acids (Acid-Aid), in nursery diets on pig performance and survivability
• Ileal and total tract digestibility of amino acids and minerals in growing pig diets supplemented with Allzyme Swine HC
• How probiotic and synbiotic preparations limit the growth of multi-drug-resistant pathogens in vitro
• Residual phytase activity of Allzyme Swine HC under commercial feed manufacturing practices
• Evaluation of net energy, standardized ileal digestible lysine, and soybean meal content interactions in 10- to 23-kg pigs using a factorial design
• Evaluation of calcium administration protocols around farrowing on sow farrowing performance
• Effects of standardized ileal digestible lysine:crude protein ratio in diets with or without distiller’s dried grains with solubles on growth performance of 11- to 20-kg pigs

We invite all ASAS Midwest attendees to connect with our team to learn more about how our cutting-edge research can help producers and nutritionists make informed decisions to support animal health, production efficiency and overall sustainability. Don’t miss the opportunity to engage with industry experts and gain valuable insights into the latest advancements.

Also, be sure to follow our updates during the event on Facebook, X and LinkedIn, and visit our website at alltech.com to learn more about the key takeaways.

We look forward to seeing you there!

About the author:

Dr. Jose Soto is the monogastric research and technical lead at Alltech. He was born and raised in Chile, where he received undergraduate and graduate training in agricultural sciences and agricultural economics, respectively. He received a Ph.D. in applied swine nutrition from Kansas State University, where he worked extensively with amino acid nutrition and dietary energy economic modeling. Prior to joining Alltech, Dr. Soto served in various roles for three of the Top 10 swine integrators in the U.S., in addition to several swine nutrition companies, where he was involved with research and development, production operations and technical services.

I want to learn more about nutrition for pig herd. 

Mycotoxin contamination can severely impact grain storage, dry matter and total mixed ration (TMR) quality, posing significant risks to livestock and humans consuming impacted products. To mitigate these risks, effective mycotoxin analysis and testing strategies are essential, ensuring safe, high-quality feed and efficient, profitable production.

Understanding mycotoxins in grain storage

Grain silos play a crucial role in protecting harvested grains, but improper storage can encourage mold growth, leading to harmful mycotoxins. High concentrations of aflatoxin B1, deoxynivalenol (DON) and fumonisins are particularly concerning in stored grains such as corn, wheat and barley. These toxins, especially in high concentrations, can compromise milk production in dairy cows and reduce the quality of TMR diets.

Regular mycotoxin detection using advanced testing methods like LC-MS/MS (liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry) provides precise insights into contamination levels, ensuring grain safety.

Best practices for reducing mycotoxin risks in storage

1. Cleaning and fumigation: Clean silos before storage to eliminate fungal spores.
2. Moisture control: Keep moisture below 14% to prevent mold proliferation.
3. Temperature regulation: Maintain cool, stable temperatures in storage facilities
4. Aeration and ventilation: Ensure proper airflow in grain silos to reduce humidity.
5. Regular mycotoxin testing: Use high-quality test kits and routine analysis to detect contamination early.

Insights from the Alltech 2024 Harvest Analysis across the regions

The 2024 growing season brought unique challenges and opportunities across key agricultural regions, with fluctuating weather patterns and varying crop conditions.

Europe

The latest Alltech European Harvest Analysis revealed key mycotoxin risks affecting grain and forage storage across Europe:

• Central and Southeastern Europe showed high contamination levels of aflatoxin B1 in corn, with some samples exceeding 500 ppb.
• Type B trichothecenes were seen in barley and wheat, with barley exhibiting the highest risk. DON was a major concern.
• In forages, corn silage showed increased risk from Penicillium mycotoxins and trichothecenes.
• Multi-mycotoxin presence was a concern. An average of six different mycotoxins were detected per sample, emphasizing the need for comprehensive testing.

United States

The United States saw regional weather variability, with significant weather changes affecting crop health and mycotoxin levels in 2024:

• All samples contained two or more mycotoxins, up from 97% last year.
• Fusarium molds increased due to heavy rainfall in the upper Midwest.
• Type B trichothecenes averaged 1,836 ppb, with a maximum of 43,717 ppb.
• Zearalenone averaged 102 ppb and peaked at 2,134 ppb.
• Emerging mycotoxins averaged 100 ppb and peaked at 4,300 ppb.

Canada

Similarly to the United States, Canada also experienced significant weather variability across the provinces. Some of the key insights from 2024 include:

• 2024 saw an increase in mycotoxin levels compared to 2023.
• In corn silage:
  • Zearalenone was detected in almost all samples, peaking at 1,369 ppb.
  • DON continues to be a risk, particularly in Eastern Canada
• In British Columbia, Fusarium mycotoxins were detected, including T2-HT2 toxins, deoxynivalenol, zearalenone and emerging mycotoxins.
• Barley in prairies showed a higher prevalence and higher concentrations of mycotoxins than wheat, posing added challenges for farmers.

These global findings reinforce the importance of proactive risk management strategies to safeguard livestock health and feed quality.

Species considerations

• For dairy farmers, the elevated levels of aflatoxins in corn in Central and Southeastern Europe are a primary concern, as they affect lactating cows. Type B trichothecenes can also significantly impact a dairy operation’s efficiency and profitability.
• Pigs are one of the most susceptible species to mycotoxin contamination, so the ongoing presence of Fusarium toxins such as DON and zearalenone will present management challenges.
• In poultry farming, mycotoxins in feed are contributing to a decline in average daily gain and egg quality.

Advanced mycotoxin detection methods

With the increasing prevalence of multi-mycotoxin contamination, adopting advanced analytical methods is crucial. Alltech® RAPIREAD™ and Alltech 37+® services are available to provide comprehensive testing solutions. LC-MS/MS testing enables accurate detection of multiple mycotoxins, providing precise data for feed safety management. Rapid test kits also allow for quick on-site screening, helping producers take immediate corrective action.

Ensuring feed safety

Mycotoxin contamination affects livestock performance, feed quality and farm profitability. High concentrations in diets reduce nutritional value, weaken immune systems, and decrease productivity.

By integrating comprehensive mycotoxin testing protocols, proper storage techniques, and effective feed management, producers can safeguard feed quality.

Protect yourself against mycotoxin risk

Sign up to download the full report here: https://www.alltech.com/harvest-analysis. You’ll also gain access to other resources, including:

• A video interview with insights from Alltech experts
• Downloadable articles covering various facets of this important topic
• Meta-analyses summarizing findings of multiple studies

Supporting materials are also available at 2024 Harvest Analysis Resources and knowmycotoxins.com.

These essential tools will empower you to make the most effective mycotoxin control decisions during the upcoming feeding season.

About the authors:

Evie Johns is the digital content specialist within the Technology Group at Alltech. She is responsible for planning and delivering high-quality content for all technologies and services alongside the Technology Group marketing leads and wider Alltech creative team. Evie holds a master's degree in psychiatry and has a background in the finance and agriculture sectors. She is based in Stamford, U.K.

Chloe Chisholm is the content manager for the Technology Group at Alltech. In this role, she is responsible for planning and delivering compelling content for all technologies and services in collaboration with the Technology Group marketing leads and wider Alltech creative team. Chloe has been with Alltech since 2022, previously supporting the Mycotoxin Management team as a digital marketing specialist. Chloe holds a degree in English language and literature from Brighton University and is based in Stamford, U.K.